Ethylene oxide

Abstract

Ethylene oxide is a colourless, highly reactive, and flammable gas widely used as an intermediate in the production of various chemicals. Human exposure occurs mainly through inhalation in sterilization facilities and in production plants. Exposure may also occur through fumigated foods, pharmaceutical products, and sterilized medical equipment. This report uses a comprehensive review of the scientific literature on ethylene oxide to evaluate the associated risks for human health and the environment.On the basis of extensive data derived from animal investigations, test systems, and epidemiological findings suggesting an increase in the incidence of human cancer, the report concludes that ethylene oxide should be considered as a probable human carcinogen, and that its levels in the environment should be kept as low as feasible