Philippines Pantawid Pamilya conditional cash transfer and sanitation impact evaluation: overcoming barriers to adoption of sanitation for poor households in the Philippines

• Register: ISRCTN
• Last refreshed on: 3 May 2021
• Main ID: ISRCTN40629367
• Date of registration: 18/10/2017
• Prospective Registration: No
• Primary sponsor: World Bank Strategic Impact Evaluation Fund (SIEF)
• Public title: Philippines Pantawid Pamilya conditional cash transfer and sanitation impact evaluation: overcoming barriers to adoption of sanitation for poor households in the Philippines
• Scientific title: Increasing access to improved sanitation for poor households in the Philippines through financial savings and subsidies: a cluster randomized controlled trial
• Date of first enrolment: 01/09/2015
• Target sample size: 4080
• Recruitment status: Completed
• URL: http://isrctn.com/ISRCTN40629367
• Study type: Interventional
• Study design: Experimental multi-arm parallel-assignment unmasked multi-center cluster randomized control trial with an active control group (Other)
• Phase: Not Applicable

Countries of recruitment

Philippines

Contacts

• Name: Edkarl Galing

• Name: Claire Chase

Key inclusion & exclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria:
Barangays (villages) were selected based on the following criteria:
1. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) priority areas identified for WASH convergence
2. Participation in the national Zero Open Defecation Program
3. At least 20% of households in the barangay having no toilet (defecating in the open)
4. At least 40 households participating in the Pantawid Pamilya. Within each barangay, the NHTS was used as the sampling frame

The Pantawid Pamilya utilizes the National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR) to target beneficiaries. This is a national database of poor households, containing information on household eligibility and includes households’ access to sanitation. This targeting system identifies household eligibility and participation in Pantawid Pamilya, household composition, and proxy-means test.

There was no minimum/maximum age and both genders were included.

Exclusion criteria: Does not meet inclusion criteria

Age minimum:
Age maximum:
Gender: Both

Health Condition(s) or Problem(s) studied

Sanitation
Not Applicable

Intervention(s)

The evaluation is a four-arm cluster randomized controlled trial, where treatment is randomly assigned at the cluster (village / barangay) level. Barangays were randomized within municipality to one of the three treatment arms, or control (stratified randomization within municipality). Random assignment was accomplished through standard practices using STATA.

Intervention Arm 1 (Municipal Subsidy + Promotion):
Households will have access to funding through national and municipal programs to subsidize the purchase and construction of household latrines. Treatment will also include promotion through Community-led Total Sanitation (CLTS) and enhanced Family Development Sessions (FDS).

Intervention Arm 2 (MFI Savings + 25% Grant + Promotion):
Households will have access to a 25% MFI grant for purchase of latrine and will make regular savings contributions to repay the remaining 75%. Treatment will also include promotion through Community-led Total Sanitation (CLTS) and enhanced Family Development Sessions (FDS).

Intervention Arm 3 (MFI Savings + 50% Grant + Promotion):
Households will have access to a 50% MFI grant for purchase of latrine and will make regular savings contributions to repay the remaining 50%. Treatment will also include promotion through Community-led Total Sanitation (CLTS) and enhanced Family Development Sessions (FDS).

Control (Promotion):
Promotion through Community-led Total Sanitation (CLTS) and enhanced Family Development Sessions (FDS).

Primary Outcome(s)

Household take-up of improved sanitation (proportion of sample that has access to improved sanitation at the endline); improved sanitation defined using WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Committee (JMP) guidelines. Data collected through household and barangay level surveys in December 2015 and December 2017

The study is powered to detect differences in sanitation take-up both between each treatment arm and the control arm, as well as across treatment arms.

Secondary Outcome(s)

1. Open defecation habits (proportion of sample that practices open defecation). Data collected through household and barangay level surveys in December 2015 and December 2017
2. Childhood diarrhea (2-day, 7-day and 14-day diarrhea prevalence in children aged less than 5 years). Data collected through household and barangay level surveys in December 2015 and December 2017

Secondary ID(s)

N/A

Source(s) of Monetary Support

World Bank Strategic Impact Evaluation Fund (SIEF)

Ethics review

Status:
Approval date:
Contact:

University of the Philippines Manila Research Ethics Board, 02/11/2015, ref: RGAO-2015-0034

Results

• Results available: Yes
• Date Completed: 31/12/2017