a Coach based Motivation and Anti-Doping Education program (CoachMADE)

• Register: ANZCTR
• Last refreshed on: 13 January 2020
• Main ID: ACTRN12616001688471
• Date of registration: 08/12/2016
• Prospective Registration: Yes
• Primary sponsor: Curtin University
• Public title: a Coach based Motivation and Anti-Doping Education program (CoachMADE)
• Scientific title: An intervention to assist coaches to optimize motivational climates and prevent current and future willingness to dope in adolescent sport: a cross-cultural project
• Date of first enrolment: 01/02/2017
• Target sample size: 120
• Recruitment status: Completed
• URL: https://anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12616001688471.aspx
• Study type: Interventional
• Study design: Purpose: Educational / counselling / training; Allocation: Randomised controlled trial; Masking: Blinded (masking used);Assignment: Parallel;Type of endpoint: Efficacy;
• Phase: Not Applicable

Countries of recruitment

Australia, Greece, United Kingdom

Contacts

• Name: Mr Brendan Smith

• Name: Mr Brendan Smith

Key inclusion & exclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria: Eligible coaches:
full-time or part-time with at least 5 years coaching experience and with varying levels of seniority.
Coaching in individual and/or team sports, with a record of doping risk (for example rugby, cycling, weightlifting, football and swimming).
Coach athletes aged 14-18 years, who train at least once a week and compete regularly during the competition season.

Eligible athletes:
Trained by a coach who has enrolled onto the study
Aged 14-18 years
Train at least once a week and compete regularly during the competition season.
Exclusion criteria: Coaches:
Apprentice coaches
Coach less than 6 athletes
No more than 6 coaches will be recruited from any given club,

Athletes
Athletes under 14 years
Athletes over 18 years
Athletes where consent is withdrawn by a parent/guardian (passive consent)

Age minimum: 14 Years
Age maximum: No limit
Gender: Both males and females

Health Condition(s) or Problem(s) studied

use of banned performance enhancing drugs (e.g., anabolic steroids) that have adverse health consequences.;
use of banned performance enhancing drugs (e.g., anabolic steroids) that have adverse health consequences.

Public Health - Health promotion/education

Intervention(s)

The intervention period of the study will last 12 weeks. Coaches in the intervention arm in Australia will receive two group workshops (weeks 1 and 5; February/March 2017), each lasting 3 hours. Workshops will be delivered at a pre-arranged central location (e.g. Sport Club or Department of Sport and Recreation) or at Curtin University. Venues will be organised in advance to ensure suitability, and accessibility for attendees.
The workshops will be delivered by trained researchers with expertise in psychology and delivering interventions in sporting contexts. Individuals presenting the workshop will be trained using video recorded demonstration workshops, in-depth trainer notes and key slide notes.
The workshops will be delivered face to face using interactive presentation (PowerPoint, group discussions). In addition to standard anti-doping education topics, the intervention workshops will include content aimed to develop motivationally adaptive communication styles. Coaches will be provided with workshop packs (printed copies of slides, support materials and information to access online materials outside of the workshop).
In the intervention group the online material will include detailed descriptions of self-determination theory (SDT) based communication techniques and how they can be operationalised in the context of coach-athlete discussions about doping. To the extent that resources are available, we will also develop video material with examples of motivationally supportive and unsupportive communication. The study website and online material will be developed, designed and/or tailored specifically for this study. Online discussions/Q&A sessions will be organised based on participant availability and resource demand. The online website/discussions

Primary Outcome(s)

Assess athletes’ willingness to take potentially prohibited substances. This will be assessed with a new measure developed by the research team (based on work by Lucidi et al., 2014).
[Baseline (0 week) and at 12 week and 20 week after commencement of the intervention. ]

Secondary Outcome(s)

Athlete attitudes and efficacy to resist doping-related temptations. Assessment will be conducted using a validated scale (Barkoukis, et al. 2013)[Baseline (0 week) and at 12 week and 20 week after commencement of the intervention. ]

Moral disengagement for athletes and coaches. Assessment will be conducted using a validated scale (Moral disengagement in doping scale, Kavussanu et al. 2016).[Baseline (0 week) and at 12 week and 20 week after commencement of the intervention. ]

Change in athlete satisfaction and frustration of psychological needs Assessment will be conducted using a validated scale (Basic Need Satisfaction and frustration Scale, Chen et al., 2015)[Baseline (0 week) and at 12 week and 20 week after commencement of the intervention. ]

Coach confidence to deliver anti-doping education. This will be assessed with a new measure developed by the research team. This new scale will be be tested for validation prior to use in the project.[Baseline (0 week) and at 12 week and 20 week after commencement of the intervention. ]

Change in coach efficacy to foster anti-doping attitudes. This will be assessed with a new measure developed by the research team (scale will be be tested for validation prior to use in the project).[Baseline (0 week) and at 12 week and 20 week after commencement of the intervention. ]

Coach efficacy to confront athletes regarding doping. Assessment will be conducted using selected items from validated (modified) psychological scale (Doping Confrontation efficacy Scale, Sullivan et al., 2015)[Baseline (0 week) and at 12 week and 20 week after commencement of the intervention. ]

Change in coach confidence to create anti-doping atmosphere within the team. This will be assessed with a new measure developed by the research team.[Baseline (0 week) and at 12 week and 20 week after commencement of the intervention. ]

Change in athlete use of performance/recreational substances and drugs. This will be assessed with a new measure developed by the research team [Baseline (0 week) and at 12 week and 20 week after commencement of the intervention. ]

Change in perceived coach behaviours,. Assessment will be conducted using validated (modified) scales (Interpersonal Behaviors Questionnaire (IBQ) in Sport, Rocchi, Pelletier and Desmarais. 2016 and Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2, Newton et al., 2000)[Baseline (0 week) and at 12 week and 20 week after commencement of the intervention.]

Secondary ID(s)

Nil known

Source(s) of Monetary Support

International Olympic Committee

Ethics review

Status: Approved
Approval date:
Contact:

Curtin Human Research Ethics Committee