Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLiS)


Thailand

NLiS Country Profile: Thailand

Child Malnutrition

Child (<5 y) Anthropometry
Indicator Year Value
Low birth weight (<2500 g) (%) 2015 10.5
Overweight (BMI-for-age >+1 SD) in school-age children and adolescents 5-19 years (%) 2016 22.1

Malnutrition in Women

Female malnutrition based on BMI

Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies

Indicator Year Value
Anaemia children <5 y (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 28.3
Anaemia in non-pregnant women (Hb <120 g/L) (%) 2016 31.6
Anaemia in pregnant women (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 40.2
Anaemia in women of reproductive age (%) 2016 31.8
Clinical vitamin A deficiency in women (history of night blindness during most recent pregnancy) (%)   no data
Median urinary iodine concentration in children 6-12 years (μg/L)   no data
Subclinical vitamin A deficiency in preschool-age children (serum/plasma retinol <0.70 μmol/L) (%)   no data

Health Services

Indicator Year Value
Births attended by skilled health personnel (%) 2012 99.6
Population using improved drinking-water sources (%) 2015 97.8
Population using improved sanitation facility (%) 2015 93.0
Children aged 1 year immunized against measles (%) 2016 99.0
Any antenatal iron supplementation (%)   no data
Children <5 years with diarrhoea receiving ORT (%) 2012 65.4
Children with diarrhoea receiving zinc (%)   no data
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 1) (%)   no data
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 2) (%)   no data
Births in baby-friendly facilities (%) 2016 61.0
Mothers of children 0-23 months receiving counselling, support or messages on optimal breastfeeding at least once in the last year (%)   no data

Food Security

Indicator Year Value
Households consuming adequately iodized salt (15 parts per million or more) (%) 2016 84.7
Population below the international poverty line (%) 2017 0.0

Caring Practices

Indicator Year Value
Early initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth (%) 2015 39.9
Introduction to solid, semi-solid or soft foods in infants 6-8 months (%) 2015 84.6
Minimum acceptable diet (MAD) in children 6-23 months (%) 2015 53.8
Children with diarrhoea <5 y receiving oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and continued feeding (%) 2016 70.5
No breastfeeding data available for this country

Commitment

Indicator Year Value
General government expenditure on health as % of total government expenditure 2014 13.3
Total expenditure on health as % of gross domestic product 2014 4.1
Per capita total expenditure on health (US$) 2014 599.8
Nutrition component of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF)   no data
Nutrition component of Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)   no data
Nutrition Governance score   no data
International Code on Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes: Legal status of the Code 2018 Many provisions in law
Maternity leave 2013 13 weeks

Capacity

Indicator Year Value
Degree training in nutrition exists 2016-2017 Yes
Nutrition is part of medical curricula 2016-2017 Yes
Nutrition professionals density (per 100,000 population) 2016-2017 5.8
Nursing and midwifery personnel density per 1,000 population 2010 2.1
GDP per capita (PPP US$) 2018 19,018
GDP per capita annual growth rate (%) 2018 3.8
Official development assistance (ODA) received (net disbursements) (% of GNI) 2017 0.1
Low-Income Food-Deficit Country (LIFDC) 2018 No

Meta-indicators

Indicator Year Value
Averaged aggregate governance indicators 2018 -0.3
Gender Inequality Index (GII) 2017 0.393
Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment (ratio of girls to boys) 2017 1
Human development index (HDI) value 2017 0.8
Seats held by women in national parliament (%) 2019 5.4

Female Education Levels

Female education levels: no data available for this country

Education

Education

Under 5 Mortality

Policies & Actions in the Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA)

Policy title Start Year
ประกาศกระทรวงสาธารณสุข เลขที่ 388 พ.ศ. 2561 เรื่อง ก าหนดอาหารที่ห้ามผลิต น าเข้า หรือจ าหน่าย [Ministry of Public Health Notification No. 388 Re: Prescribed Prohibited Food to be Produced, Imported, or Sold] 2019
Notification of Ministry of Public Health (No. 374) B.E.2559 (2016) 2016
Guidelines on health claim substantiation 2015
United Nations Partnership Framework Thailand 2012-2016 Resilience, Creativity and Equity 2012
Notification of the Ministry of Public Health Re: Edible Salt 2011
Nutrition Action Plan 2009
Government Policy 2009
Labour Protection Act, B.E. 2541, dated 12 February 1998, as amended by Labour Protection Act (No. 2) B.E. 2551 (2008) and Labour Protection Act (No.3) B.E. 2551 (2008). English translation, as published by ThaiLaws.com 2008
Notification of Ministry of Public Health (No.182) B.E.1998 1998
Thailand's Plan of Action for Food and Nutrition 1994
Solving Problem of Obesity among Thai People Strategy  
Progamme title and actions Start Year
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q20) National Salt Awareness Week - Media promotion of healthy nutrition 2014
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q20) The Firm 1-2 (TV reality show) - Media promotion of healthy nutrition 2014
GNPR 2016-2017: Nutrition and infectious disease (q41) - Counselling on nutritional support & care for people living with TB 2011
Provision of milk - School feeding programmes 2000
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q12a) Food-based dietary guidelines for Thai. Food-based dietary guidelines for infants and young children in Thailand. - Food-based dietary guidelines 1998
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q8) - Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) 1992
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) Thai school lunch programme - Deworming 1992
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) Thai school lunch programme - Extracurricular nutrition education 1992
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) Thai school lunch programme - Home, school or community gardening 1992
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) Thai school lunch programme - Micronutrient supplementation in schools 1992
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) Thai school lunch programme - Monitoring children's growth in schools 1992
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) Thai school lunch programme - Nutrition education included in school curriculum 1992
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) Thai school lunch programme - School feeding programmes 1992
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) Thai school lunch programme - School fruit and vegetable scheme 1992
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) Thai school lunch programme - School milk scheme 1992
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) Thai school lunch programme - Standards or rules for foods and beverages available in schools 1992
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q6) - Growth monitoring and promotion 1982
National Nutrition Program (NNP) - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling 1975
National Nutrition Program (NNP) - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling 1975
National Nutrition Program (NNP) - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition 1975
National Nutrition Program (NNP) - Growth monitoring and promotion 1975
National Nutrition Program (NNP) - Iron and folic acid supplementation 1975
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Counselling on nutritional support&care for people living with HIV  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Preventive malaria treatment  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Promotion of improved hygiene practices including handwashing  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Deworming  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Distribution of insecticide-treated bednets  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Deworming  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Growth monitoring and promotion  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Implementation of legislation on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Improved food safety at vending places  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Iron and folic acid supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Food-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Implementation of legislation on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Labelling of food products  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Media promotion of healthy nutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Nutrient-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Promotion of fruit and vegetable intake  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Salt reduction  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Iron supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Sugar fortification  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Multiple micronutrients supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Wheat flour fortification  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Provision of safe water  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - School feeding programmes  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - School fruit and vegetable scheme  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - School milk scheme  
National Nutrition Program (NNP) - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
National Nutrition Program (NNP) - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
National Nutrition Program (NNP) - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
National Nutrition Program (NNP) - Growth monitoring and promotion  
National Nutrition Program (NNP) - Iron and folic acid supplementation  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q15) - Reformulation of foods and/or beverages to reduce salt/sodium content  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q15) - Reformulation of foods and/or beverages to reduce saturated fatty acid content  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q15) - Reformulation of foods and/or beverages to reduce sugar content  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q10) - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q7) - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9a) - Feeding of LBW infants  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9b) - Infant feeding in the context of HIV  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9c) - Infant feeding in the context of emergencies  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q12b) - Nutrient-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q13) - Nutrition and health claims  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q13) - Nutrient declaration  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q17) - Taxation and price policies  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q21) - Nutrition education and counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q37) - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q38) - Management of moderate malnutrition