Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLiS)


El Salvador

NLiS Country Profile: El Salvador

Child Malnutrition

Child (<5 y) Anthropometry
Indicator Year Value
Low birth weight (<2500 g) (%) 2015 10.3
Overweight (BMI-for-age >+1 SD) in school-age children and adolescents 5-19 years (%) 2016 30.4

Malnutrition in Women

Female malnutrition based on BMI

Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies

Indicator Year Value
Anaemia children <5 y (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 30.6
Anaemia in non-pregnant women (Hb <120 g/L) (%) 2016 22.4
Anaemia in pregnant women (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 29.0
Anaemia in women of reproductive age (%) 2016 22.7
Clinical vitamin A deficiency in women (history of night blindness during most recent pregnancy) (%)   no data
Median urinary iodine concentration in children 6-12 years (μg/L)   no data
Subclinical vitamin A deficiency in preschool-age children (serum/plasma retinol <0.70 μmol/L) (%)   no data

Health Services

Indicator Year Value
Births attended by skilled health personnel (%) 2014 98.0
Population using improved drinking-water sources (%) 2015 93.8
Population using improved sanitation facility (%) 2015 75.0
Children aged 1 year immunized against measles (%) 2016 90.0
Any antenatal iron supplementation (%)   no data
Children <5 years with diarrhoea receiving ORT (%) 2008 57.6
Children with diarrhoea receiving zinc (%) 2014 32.7
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 1) (%)   no data
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 2) (%)   no data
Births in baby-friendly facilities (%) 2015 12.5
Mothers of children 0-23 months receiving counselling, support or messages on optimal breastfeeding at least once in the last year (%)   no data

Food Security

Indicator Year Value
Households consuming adequately iodized salt (15 parts per million or more) (%)   no data
Population below the international poverty line (%) 2017 1.9

Caring Practices

Indicator Year Value
Early initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth (%) 2014 42.0
Introduction to solid, semi-solid or soft foods in infants 6-8 months (%) 2014 90.3
Minimum acceptable diet (MAD) in children 6-23 months (%) 2014 64.5
Children with diarrhoea <5 y receiving oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and continued feeding (%) 2014 72.2
No breastfeeding data available for this country

Commitment

Indicator Year Value
General government expenditure on health as % of total government expenditure 2014 16.7
Total expenditure on health as % of gross domestic product 2014 6.8
Per capita total expenditure on health (US$) 2014 564.9
Nutrition component of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF)   no data
Nutrition component of Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)   no data
Nutrition Governance score   no data
International Code on Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes: Legal status of the Code 2018 Many provisions in law
Maternity leave 2013 12 weeks

Capacity

Indicator Year Value
Degree training in nutrition exists 2016-2017 Yes
Nutrition is part of medical curricula 2016-2017 Yes
Nutrition professionals density (per 100,000 population) 2016-2017 2.1
Nursing and midwifery personnel density per 1,000 population 2008 0.5
GDP per capita (PPP US$) 2018 8,317
GDP per capita annual growth rate (%)   no data
Official development assistance (ODA) received (net disbursements) (% of GNI) 2017 0.6
Low-Income Food-Deficit Country (LIFDC) 2018 No

Meta-indicators

Indicator Year Value
Averaged aggregate governance indicators 2018 -0.4
Gender Inequality Index (GII) 2017 0.392
Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment (ratio of girls to boys) 2017 1
Human development index (HDI) value 2017 0.7
Seats held by women in national parliament (%) 2019 31

Female Education Levels

Female education levels: no data available for this country

Education

Education

Under 5 Mortality

Policies & Actions in the Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA)

Policy title Start Year
Plan estratégico nacional multisectorial para el abordaje integral de las enfermedades no transmisibles 2017
Plan Quinquenal de Desarrollo 2014-2019 2014
Plan Estrategico 2014-2019 2014
Ley de Promoción, Protección y Apoyo a la Lactancia Materna (Decreto No. 404) 2013
Plan Estrategico Nacional de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional 2013-2016 2013
Política Nacional de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional 2011
Política de Protección, Promoción y Apoyo a la Lactancia Materna 2011
Estrategia de Atención en Nutrición y Desarrollo en la Primera Infancia. 2011
Politica Nacional de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional 2011
Acuerdo No. 126 Política Nacional de Salud 2009-2014 2010
Plan Quinquenal de Desarrollo 2010-2014 2010
Plan Quinquenal de Desarrollo 2010-2014 2010
Decreto N°63. 2009
Legislative Decree No. 38 containing the Political Constitution of El Salvador (Constitucion Politica de El Salvador; Diario Oficial n° 234 Tomo: 281 Publicación 16/12/1983) of 15 December 1983, as amended up to Legislative Decree n° 36 of 27 May of 2009 2009
Decree No. 15 promulgating the Labour Code (Codigo de Trabajo Diario Oficial No. 142, 31 July 1972, pp. 7062-7124) of 23 June 1972, as amended up to Legislative Decree n° 839, of 26 March of 2009. 2009
Política de Salud Construyendo la Esperanza 2009
Estrategia de Salud y Nutrición Infantil ESNNI 2009
NSO 67.03.02:08 Harinas. Harina de Maiz Nixtamalizado 2008
Estrategia para el aborgaje integrado sobre prevención y control de las enfermedades crónicas 2008
Marco de Asistencia de Naciones Unidas 2007
Programa de Fortificación de Alimentos 2007
NSO 67.20.01:05 Sal fortificada con yodo 2005
Programa de Intercambio de Semilla Mejorada 1998
Programa de Alimentación Escolar 1995
Programa de Suplementación con Micronutrientes 1995
Propuesta De Plan Nacional De Accion Para La Alimentacion Y Nutricion PNAAN 1995
Constitución de la República de El Salvador 1983
Política Nacional de Seguridad Alimentaria Nutricional SAN  
Progamme title and actions Start Year
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q12a) Guías alimentarias para las familias salvadoreñas [Dietary guidelines for Salvadorian families] - Food-based dietary guidelines 2012
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Deworming  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Management of moderate malnutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Promotion of improved hygiene practices including handwashing  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Complementary food fortification  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Iodine supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Iron and folic acid supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Iron supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Salt iodization  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Vitamin A supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Wheat flour fortification  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Zinc supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Counselling on nutritional support&care for people living with HIV  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Management of severe acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Promotion and implementation of properly timed cord clamping  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Food-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Labelling of food products  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Media promotion of healthy nutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Nutrient-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Nutrition education and counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Promotion of fruit and vegetable intake  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Improved food safety at vending places  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Provision of safe water  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - School milk scheme  
Iniciativa Salud Mesoamerica 2015 - Multiple micronutrient powder (point-of-use fortification)  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q10) - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q6) - Growth monitoring and promotion  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q7) - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q8) - Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI)  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9a) - Feeding of LBW infants  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9b) - Infant feeding in the context of HIV  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9c) - Infant feeding in the context of emergencies  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q13) - Nutrition and health claims  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q13) - Nutrient declaration  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q13) - Front-of-pack labelling system  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q20) - Media promotion of healthy nutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q21) - Nutrition education and counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q37) - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q38) - Management of moderate malnutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q39) - Management of severe acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: Nutrition and infectious disease (q41) - Counselling on nutritional support & care for people living with TB  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Deworming  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Home, school or community gardening  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Micronutrient supplementation in schools  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Monitoring children's growth in schools  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Nutrition education included in school curriculum  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - School feeding programmes  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - School milk scheme  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Standards for marketing of food and non-alcoholic beverages to children in school setting  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Standards or rules for foods and beverages available in schools