Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLiS)


Pakistan

NLiS Country Profile: Pakistan

Child Malnutrition

Child (<5 y) Anthropometry
Indicator Year Value
Low birth weight (<2500 g) (%)   no data
Overweight (BMI-for-age >+1 SD) in school-age children and adolescents 5-19 years (%) 2016 9.7

Malnutrition in Women

Female malnutrition based on BMI

Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies

Indicator Year Value
Anaemia children <5 y (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 58.8
Anaemia in non-pregnant women (Hb <120 g/L) (%) 2016 52.2
Anaemia in pregnant women (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 51.3
Anaemia in women of reproductive age (%) 2016 52.1
Clinical vitamin A deficiency in women (history of night blindness during most recent pregnancy) (%) 2001 7.8
Median urinary iodine concentration in children 6-12 years (μg/L)   no data
Subclinical vitamin A deficiency in preschool-age children (serum/plasma retinol <0.70 μmol/L) (%) 2001 12.5

Health Services

Indicator Year Value
Births attended by skilled health personnel (%) 2012 52.1
Population using improved drinking-water sources (%) 2015 91.4
Population using improved sanitation facility (%) 2015 63.5
Children aged 1 year immunized against measles (%) 2016 61.0
Any antenatal iron supplementation (%) 2012-2013 44.4
Children <5 years with diarrhoea receiving ORT (%) 2012-2013 41.8
Children with diarrhoea receiving zinc (%) 2018 12.5
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 1) (%) 2017 96.0
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 2) (%) 2017 92.0
Births in baby-friendly facilities (%) 2016 31.3
Mothers of children 0-23 months receiving counselling, support or messages on optimal breastfeeding at least once in the last year (%)   no data

Food Security

Indicator Year Value
Households consuming adequately iodized salt (15 parts per million or more) (%) 2011 69.1
Population below the international poverty line (%) 2015 3.9

Caring Practices

Indicator Year Value
Early initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth (%) 2018 19.6
Introduction to solid, semi-solid or soft foods in infants 6-8 months (%) 2018 65.3
Minimum acceptable diet (MAD) in children 6-23 months (%) 2018 12.7
Children with diarrhoea <5 y receiving oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and continued feeding (%) 2018 34.9
No breastfeeding data available for this country

Commitment

Indicator Year Value
General government expenditure on health as % of total government expenditure 2014 4.7
Total expenditure on health as % of gross domestic product 2014 2.6
Per capita total expenditure on health (US$) 2014 129.0
Nutrition component of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) 2004-2008 Strong
Nutrition component of Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) 2008 Weak
Nutrition Governance score 2009 Weak
Maternity leave 2013 12 weeks
International Code on Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes: Legal status of the Code 2018 Full provisions in law

Capacity

Indicator Year Value
Degree training in nutrition exists 2016-2017 Yes
Nutrition is part of medical curricula 2016-2017 No
Nutrition professionals density (per 100,000 population)   no data
Nursing and midwifery personnel density per 1,000 population 2014 0.6
GDP per capita (PPP US$) 2018 5,544
GDP per capita annual growth rate (%) 2018 3.3
Official development assistance (ODA) received (net disbursements) (% of GNI) 2017 0.7
Low-Income Food-Deficit Country (LIFDC) 2018 No

Meta-indicators

Indicator Year Value
Averaged aggregate governance indicators 2018 -1
Gender Inequality Index (GII) 2017 0.541
Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment (ratio of girls to boys) 2018 0.8
Human development index (HDI) value 2017 0.6
Seats held by women in national parliament (%) 2019 20.2

Female Education Levels

Female Education Levels 2017-2018

Education

Education

Under 5 Mortality

Policies & Actions in the Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA)

Policy title Start Year
Pakistan Infant and Young Child Feeding Strategy, 2016- 2020 2016
One United Nations Programme II 2013
Nutrition for National Development Pakistan’s Integrated Nutrition Strategy 2012
Protection of Breast-Feeding and Child Nutrition Ordinance, 2002 2002
West Pakistan Maternity Benefit Ordinance of 17 December 1958, No. 32 of 1958 as amended by Labour Laws (Amendment) Ordinance, 1993 (No. 23 of 1993) 1993
Intersectoral Nutrition Strategy Sindh  
Progamme title and actions Start Year
Nutrition International - Pakistan - Food Fortification Programme - Oil fortification 2016
Nutrition International - Pakistan - Food Fortification Programme - Wheat flour fortification 2016
GAIN Universal Salt Iodization - Salt iodization 2008
GAIN Large-scale Food Fortification Program - Wheat flour fortification 2006
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q6) - Growth monitoring and promotion 1997
Lady Health Worker (LHW) -  
Lady Health Worker (LHW) - Growth monitoring and promotion  
Lady Health Worker (LHW) - Iron supplementation  
Lady Health Worker (LHW) - Nutrition education and counselling  
Lady Health Worker (LHW) - Promotion of improved hygiene practices including handwashing  
Micronutrient supplementation for children 6-24 months - Multiple micronutrient powder (point-of-use fortification)  
Nutrition International - Pakistan - Salt iodization  
Nutrition International - Pakistan - Vitamin A supplementation  
Nutrition International - Infant and Young Child Nutrition - Pakistan - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
Nutrition International - Infant and Young Child Nutrition - Pakistan - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
Nutrition International - Pakistan - Maternal Newborn Health and Nutrition (MNHN) Program - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
Nutrition International - Pakistan - Maternal Newborn Health and Nutrition (MNHN) Program - Care of LBW infants  
Nutrition International - Pakistan - Maternal Newborn Health and Nutrition (MNHN) Program - Feeding of LBW infants  
Nutrition International - Pakistan - Maternal Newborn Health and Nutrition (MNHN) Program - Iron and folic acid supplementation  
Nutrition International - Pakistan - Maternal Newborn Health and Nutrition (MNHN) Program - Nutrition education and counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q10) - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q7) - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9a) - Feeding of LBW infants  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9b) - Infant feeding in the context of HIV  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9c) - Infant feeding in the context of emergencies  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q37) - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q38) - Management of moderate malnutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q39) - Management of severe acute malnutrition