Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLiS)


Nepal

NLiS Country Profile: Nepal

Child Malnutrition

Child (<5 y) Anthropometry
Indicator Year Value
Low birth weight (<2500 g) (%) 2015 21.8
Overweight (BMI-for-age >+1 SD) in school-age children and adolescents 5-19 years (%) 2016 7.5

Malnutrition in Women

Female malnutrition based on BMI

Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies

Indicator Year Value
Anaemia children <5 y (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 42.7
Anaemia in non-pregnant women (Hb <120 g/L) (%) 2016 34.9
Anaemia in pregnant women (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 40.0
Anaemia in women of reproductive age (%) 2016 35.1
Clinical vitamin A deficiency in women (history of night blindness during most recent pregnancy) (%) 2001 19.6
Median urinary iodine concentration in children 6-12 years (μg/L) 2005 188.0
Subclinical vitamin A deficiency in preschool-age children (serum/plasma retinol <0.70 μmol/L) (%) 1997-1998 32.3

Health Services

Indicator Year Value
Births attended by skilled health personnel (%) 2014 55.6
Population using improved drinking-water sources (%) 2015 91.6
Population using improved sanitation facility (%) 2015 45.8
Children aged 1 year immunized against measles (%) 2016 83.0
Any antenatal iron supplementation (%) 2011 79.5
Children <5 years with diarrhoea receiving ORT (%) 2011 50.0
Children with diarrhoea receiving zinc (%) 2017 17.6
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 1) (%) 2017 81.0
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 2) (%) 2017 84.0
Births in baby-friendly facilities (%) 2016 0.0
Mothers of children 0-23 months receiving counselling, support or messages on optimal breastfeeding at least once in the last year (%)   no data

Food Security

Indicator Year Value
Households consuming adequately iodized salt (15 parts per million or more) (%) 2016 94.2
Population below the international poverty line (%) 2010 15.0

Caring Practices

Indicator Year Value
Early initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth (%) 2016 54.9
Introduction to solid, semi-solid or soft foods in infants 6-8 months (%) 2016 84.3
Minimum acceptable diet (MAD) in children 6-23 months (%) 2016 35.8
Children with diarrhoea <5 y receiving oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and continued feeding (%) 2017 61.4
No breastfeeding data available for this country

Commitment

Indicator Year Value
General government expenditure on health as % of total government expenditure 2014 11.2
Total expenditure on health as % of gross domestic product 2014 5.8
Per capita total expenditure on health (US$) 2014 137.4
Nutrition component of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) 2008-2010 Weak
Nutrition component of Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) 2008 Weak
Nutrition Governance score 2009 Medium
Maternity leave 2013 7 weeks
International Code on Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes: Legal status of the Code 2018 Full provisions in law

Capacity

Indicator Year Value
Degree training in nutrition exists   no data
Nutrition is part of medical curricula   no data
Nutrition professionals density (per 100,000 population)   no data
Nursing and midwifery personnel density per 1,000 population 2004 0.5
GDP per capita (PPP US$) 2018 3,064
GDP per capita annual growth rate (%) 2018 4.5
Official development assistance (ODA) received (net disbursements) (% of GNI) 2017 5.0
Low-Income Food-Deficit Country (LIFDC) 2018 Yes

Meta-indicators

Indicator Year Value
Averaged aggregate governance indicators 2018 -0.6
Gender Inequality Index (GII) 2017 0.48
Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment (ratio of girls to boys) 2017 1
Human development index (HDI) value 2017 0.6
Seats held by women in national parliament (%) 2019 32.7

Female Education Levels

Female Education Levels 2016

Education

Education

Under 5 Mortality

Policies & Actions in the Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA)

Policy title Start Year
Multisectoral Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Non Communicable Diseases (2014-2020) 2014
Multi-sectoral Nutrition Plan For Accelerating the Reduction of Maternal and Child Under-nutrition in Nepal 2013
Multisector Nutrition Plan (2013-2017) 2013
United Nations Development Assistance Framework for Nepal 2013-2017 2013
Labour Act, dated 15 May 1992, Nepal Recorder, 12 June 1992, Vol. 16, No. 19, pp.220253 as amended by Labour (First Amendment) Act 1998, dated 28 January 1998, Nepal Recorder and by Labour (Second Amendment) Ordinance 2006, dated March 9, 2006 2006
National School Health and Nutrition Strategy 2006
National HIV/Aids Strategy 2006
Five Year Plan of Action for the Control of Anemia among Women and Children in Nepal 2006
National Nutrition Policy and Strategy 2004
Nepal National Plan of Action on Nutrition 1998
Mother's Milk Substitutes (Control of Sale and Distribution) Regulation, 1994 (2051) 1994
Labour Rules 2050 1993, published in the Nepal Gazette 2050.7.23 (8 November 1993) and by the Nepal Law Commission 1993
Mother's Milk Substitutes (Control of Sale and Distribution) Act, 2049 (1992) 1992
Iodized Salt (Production, Sale and Distribution) Act, 2055(1998)  
Progamme title and actions Start Year
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q12a) Food-based dietary guidelines for Nepalese - Food-based dietary guidelines 2012
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Counselling on nutritional support&care for people living with HIV  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Deworming  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Distribution of insecticide-treated bednets  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Promotion and implementation of properly timed cord clamping  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Promotion of improved hygiene practices including handwashing  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Deworming  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Iron and folic acid supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Nutrition-Friendly Schools Initiative (NFSI)/Health promoting schools  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - School feeding programmes  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Food-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Labelling of food products  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Media promotion of healthy nutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Nutrient-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Nutrition education and counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Growth monitoring and promotion  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Provision of safe water  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Iron and folic acid supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Sugar fortification  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Vitamin A supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Zinc supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Iron supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Maize/corn flour fortification  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Vitamin A supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Wheat flour fortification  
MNP for children in food-insecure districts - Multiple micronutrient powder (point-of-use fortification)  
MNPs linked with community IYCF promotion - Multiple micronutrient powder (point-of-use fortification)  
Micronutrient powder programme in refugee children in Nepal - Multiple micronutrient powder (point-of-use fortification)  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q12b) - Nutrient-based dietary guidelines  
Development of guidelines for management of SAM at nutrition rehabilitation homes - Management of severe acute malnutrition