Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLiS)


Mexico

NLiS Country Profile: Mexico

Child Malnutrition

Child (<5 y) Anthropometry
Indicator Year Value
Low birth weight (<2500 g) (%) 2015 7.9
Overweight (BMI-for-age >+1 SD) in school-age children and adolescents 5-19 years (%) 2016 35.4

Malnutrition in Women

Female malnutrition based on BMI

Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies

Indicator Year Value
Anaemia children <5 y (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 28.2
Anaemia in non-pregnant women (Hb <120 g/L) (%) 2016 14.4
Anaemia in pregnant women (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 19.6
Anaemia in women of reproductive age (%) 2016 14.6
Clinical vitamin A deficiency in women (history of night blindness during most recent pregnancy) (%)   no data
Median urinary iodine concentration in children 6-12 years (μg/L)   no data
Subclinical vitamin A deficiency in preschool-age children (serum/plasma retinol <0.70 μmol/L) (%) 1998-1999 28.6

Health Services

Indicator Year Value
Births attended by skilled health personnel (%) 2014 95.6
Population using improved drinking-water sources (%) 2015 96.1
Population using improved sanitation facility (%) 2015 85.2
Children aged 1 year immunized against measles (%) 2016 96.0
Any antenatal iron supplementation (%)   no data
Children <5 years with diarrhoea receiving ORT (%)   no data
Children with diarrhoea receiving zinc (%)   no data
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 1) (%)   no data
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 2) (%)   no data
Births in baby-friendly facilities (%) 2016 3.5
Mothers of children 0-23 months receiving counselling, support or messages on optimal breastfeeding at least once in the last year (%)   no data

Food Security

Indicator Year Value
Households consuming adequately iodized salt (15 parts per million or more) (%)   no data
Population below the international poverty line (%) 2016 2.5

Caring Practices

Indicator Year Value
Early initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth (%) 2015 51.0
Introduction to solid, semi-solid or soft foods in infants 6-8 months (%) 2015 82.3
Minimum acceptable diet (MAD) in children 6-23 months (%) 2015 48.4
Children with diarrhoea <5 y receiving oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and continued feeding (%) 2015 79.9
No breastfeeding data available for this country

Commitment

Indicator Year Value
General government expenditure on health as % of total government expenditure 2014 11.6
Total expenditure on health as % of gross domestic product 2014 6.3
Per capita total expenditure on health (US$) 2014 1,122.0
Nutrition component of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF)   no data
Nutrition component of Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)   no data
Nutrition Governance score   no data
Maternity leave 2013 12 weeks
International Code on Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes: Legal status of the Code 2018 Many provisions in law

Capacity

Indicator Year Value
Degree training in nutrition exists 2016-2017 Yes
Nutrition is part of medical curricula 2016-2017 No
Nutrition professionals density (per 100,000 population)   no data
Nursing and midwifery personnel density per 1,000 population 2013 2.5
GDP per capita (PPP US$) 2018 19,888
GDP per capita annual growth rate (%) 2018 0.9
Official development assistance (ODA) received (net disbursements) (% of GNI) 2017 0.1
Low-Income Food-Deficit Country (LIFDC) 2018 No

Meta-indicators

Indicator Year Value
Averaged aggregate governance indicators 2018 -0.4
Gender Inequality Index (GII) 2017 0.343
Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment (ratio of girls to boys) 2017 1
Human development index (HDI) value 2017 0.8
Seats held by women in national parliament (%) 2019 48.2

Female Education Levels

Female education levels: no data available for this country

Education

Education

Under 5 Mortality

Policies & Actions in the Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA)

Policy title Start Year
Sin Hambre, Cruzada Nacional 2018
Marco de Cooperacion de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo en Mexico 2014
Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Social 2014-2018 2014
Acuerdo mediante el cual se establecen los lineamientos generales para el expendio y distribución de alimentos y bebidas preparados y procesados en las escuelas del Sistema Educativo Nacional. 2014
Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2013-2018 2013
Estrategia Nacional para la Prevencion y el Control del Sobrepeso, la Obesidad y la Diabetes 2013
Plan Sectorial de Salud 2013-2018 2013
Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-131-SSA1-2012 Fórmulas para lactantes, de continuación y para necesidades especiales de nutrición 2012
Social Security Act, of 19 December 1995 (Diario Oficial No. 16, 21 December 1995, pp. 25-63; errata: ibid. No. 11, 16 January 1996, p.61), as amended up to Oficial Diary (Separata), of 31 May 2009 2009
Programa Nacional de Salud 2007-2012 2007
Programa de acción específico Prevención de la Mortalidad Infantil 2007
Federal Labour Act, 2 December 1969 (Diario Oficial No. 26, 1 April 1970, p. 1; errata: ibid. No. 51, 30 April 1970, p. 2 and No. 29, 5 June 1970, p. 16), in amended form until January 17, 2006 (Diario Oficial, January 17, 2006). 2006
Programa de Desarrollo humano OPORTUNIDADES 2002
REGLAMENTO DE CONTROL SANITARIO DE PRODUCTOS Y SERVICIOS 1999
Norma Mexicana NOM-131-SSA-1-1995. Bienes y Servicios. Alimentos para Lactantes y niños de corta edad. Disposiciones y especificaciones Sanitarias y Nutrimentales. 1996
Programa de Suplementación con megadosis de vitamina A 1994
5 pasos por tu Salud  
Progamme title and actions Start Year
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q20) Cambiar es tu decisión - Media promotion of healthy nutrition 2015
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q16) - Ban or virtual elimination of industrial trans fatty acids 2014
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Nutrition education included in school curriculum 2014
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Standards or rules for foods and beverages available in schools 2014
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q20) Chécate, Mídete, Muévete - Media promotion of healthy nutrition 2013
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Deworming  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Management of severe acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Preventive malaria treatment  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Promotion and implementation of properly timed cord clamping  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Promotion of improved hygiene practices including handwashing  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Complementary food fortification  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Condiment and seasonings' fortification  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Iodine supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Margarine/butter fortification  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Deworming  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Growth monitoring and promotion  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Implementation of legislation on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Improved food safety at vending places  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Iron and folic acid supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Nutrition-Friendly Schools Initiative (NFSI)/Health promoting schools  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Provision of safe water  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - School feeding programmes  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - School fruit and vegetable scheme  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - School milk scheme  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Vitamin A supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Food-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Implementation of legislation on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Labelling of food products  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Media promotion of healthy nutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Nutrient-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Nutrition education and counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Promotion of fruit and vegetable intake  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Removal/reduction of trans fatty acids  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Salt reduction  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Implementation of legislation on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Multiple micronutrients supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Salt iodization  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Vitamin A supplementation  
Oportunidades -  
Oportunidades - Conditional cash transfer  
Oportunidades - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
Oportunidades - Growth monitoring and promotion  
Oportunidades - Iron supplementation  
Oportunidades - Nutrition education and counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q15) - Reformulation of foods and/or beverages to reduce salt/sodium content  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q15) - Reformulation of foods and/or beverages to reduce saturated fatty acid content  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q15) - Reformulation of foods and/or beverages to reduce sugar content  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q10) - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q6) - Growth monitoring and promotion  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q7) - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q8) - Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI)  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9a) - Feeding of LBW infants  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9c) - Infant feeding in the context of emergencies  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q12a) Guías alimentarias y de actividad física en contexto de sobrepeso y obesidad en la población mexicana, Primera edición - Food-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q13) - Nutrient declaration  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q13) - Nutrition and health claims  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q17) - Taxation and price policies  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q18) - Implementation of legislation on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q19) - Nutrition education and counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q21) - Nutrition education and counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q37) - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q38) - Management of moderate malnutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q39) - Management of severe acute malnutrition