Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLiS)


Ecuador

NLiS Country Profile: Ecuador

Child Malnutrition

Child (<5 y) Anthropometry
Indicator Year Value
Low birth weight (<2500 g) (%) 2015 11.2
Overweight (BMI-for-age >+1 SD) in school-age children and adolescents 5-19 years (%) 2016 28.3

Malnutrition in Women

Female malnutrition based on BMI

Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies

Indicator Year Value
Anaemia children <5 y (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 27.7
Anaemia in non-pregnant women (Hb <120 g/L) (%) 2016 18.4
Anaemia in pregnant women (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 26.4
Anaemia in women of reproductive age (%) 2016 18.8
Clinical vitamin A deficiency in women (history of night blindness during most recent pregnancy) (%)   no data
Median urinary iodine concentration in children 6-12 years (μg/L)   no data
Subclinical vitamin A deficiency in preschool-age children (serum/plasma retinol <0.70 μmol/L) (%)   no data

Health Services

Indicator Year Value
Births attended by skilled health personnel (%) 2014 96.3
Population using improved drinking-water sources (%) 2015 86.9
Population using improved sanitation facility (%) 2015 84.7
Children aged 1 year immunized against measles (%) 2016 86.0
Any antenatal iron supplementation (%)   no data
Children <5 years with diarrhoea receiving ORT (%)   no data
Children with diarrhoea receiving zinc (%)   no data
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 1) (%)   no data
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 2) (%)   no data
Births in baby-friendly facilities (%) 2015 5.4
Mothers of children 0-23 months receiving counselling, support or messages on optimal breastfeeding at least once in the last year (%)   no data

Food Security

Indicator Year Value
Households consuming adequately iodized salt (15 parts per million or more) (%)   no data
Population below the international poverty line (%) 2017 3.2

Caring Practices

Indicator Year Value
Early initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth (%) 2012 54.6
Introduction to solid, semi-solid or soft foods in infants 6-8 months (%) 2012 73.6
Minimum acceptable diet (MAD) in children 6-23 months (%)   no data
Children with diarrhoea <5 y receiving oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and continued feeding (%)   no data
No breastfeeding data available for this country

Commitment

Indicator Year Value
General government expenditure on health as % of total government expenditure 2014 10.2
Total expenditure on health as % of gross domestic product 2014 9.2
Per capita total expenditure on health (US$) 2014 1039.8
Nutrition component of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF)   no data
Nutrition component of Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)   no data
Nutrition Governance score   no data
International Code on Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes: Legal status of the Code 2018 Few provisions in law
Maternity leave 2013 12 weeks

Capacity

Indicator Year Value
Degree training in nutrition exists 2016-2017 Yes
Nutrition is part of medical curricula 2016-2017 No
Nutrition professionals density (per 100,000 population) 2016-2017 1.5
Nursing and midwifery personnel density per 1,000 population 2011 2.1
GDP per capita (PPP US$) 2018 11,714
GDP per capita annual growth rate (%)   no data
Official development assistance (ODA) received (net disbursements) (% of GNI) 2017 0.2
Low-Income Food-Deficit Country (LIFDC) 2018 No

Meta-indicators

Indicator Year Value
Averaged aggregate governance indicators 2018 -0.4
Gender Inequality Index (GII) 2017 0.385
Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment (ratio of girls to boys) 2017 1
Human development index (HDI) value 2017 0.8
Seats held by women in national parliament (%) 2019 38

Female Education Levels

Female education levels: no data available for this country

Education

Education

Under 5 Mortality

Policies & Actions in the Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA)

Policy title Start Year
Marco de Cooperación de las Naciones Unidas en Ecuador 2014
Reglamento de Etiquetado de Alimentos 2014
Acuerdo ministerial No. 00004439 - Límites máximos de grasas trans en grasas y aceites comestibles, margarinas e insumos para las industrias de alimentos, panaderías, restaurantes o servicios de comidas (catering) 2013
Plan Nacional de Buen Vivir 2013-2017 2013
Programa de Alimentacion Escolar 2013 2013
Reglamento sustitutivo para el funcionamiento de bares escolares del sistema nacional de educación (Acuerdo No. 0004-10) 2012
Agenda Social 2012-2013 2012
Ley Orgánica del Régimen de la Soberanía Alimentaria 2009
Constitución 2008 2008
Labour Code (Codificacion del Codigo del Trabajo) of 30 June 1978 as amended up to Act 2006-40 of 26 April 2006 ( Registro Oficial, 2006-04-27, núm. 259, págs. 2-4) 2006
Ley de Seguridad Alimentaria 2006
Decreto Nº 1.469 - Reglamento de la Ley de fomento, apoyo y protección de la lactancia materna 1999
Plan Nacional de Accion en Alimentacion y Nutricion 1994
Plan Nacional del Buen Vivir 2013 - 2017  
Ley Organica de Salud  
Ley de maternidad gratuita y atención a la infancia  
Bono Desarrollo Humano  
Estrategia Nacional Reducción Acelerada Malnutrición Infantil  
Progamme title and actions Start Year
GAIN Micro-Nutrient Supplementation - Complementary food fortification 2009
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Counselling on nutritional support&care for people living with HIV  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Deworming  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Distribution of insecticide-treated bednets  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Management of moderate malnutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Management of severe acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Preventive malaria treatment  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Promotion and implementation of properly timed cord clamping  
GNPR 2009-2010: Maternal, infant and young child nutrition - Promotion of improved hygiene practices including handwashing  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Complementary food fortification  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Iron and folic acid supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Iron supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Salt iodization  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Vitamin A supplementation  
GNPR 2009-2010: Vitamin and mineral nutrition - Wheat flour fortification  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Deworming  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Implementation of legislation on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Improved food safety at vending places  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Food-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Implementation of legislation on marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages to children  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Labelling of food products  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Nutrient-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2009-2010: Obesity and diet-related NCDs - Nutrition education and counselling  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - Growth monitoring and promotion  
GNPR 2009-2010: School-based nutrition - School milk scheme  
Proyecto Alimentario Nutricional Integral (PANI) - Multiple micronutrient powder (point-of-use fortification)  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q16) - Ban or virtual elimination of industrial trans fatty acids  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q10) - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q6) - Growth monitoring and promotion  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q7) - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q8) - Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI)  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9b) - Infant feeding in the context of HIV  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q13) - Front-of-pack labelling system  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q13) - Nutrient declaration  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q17) - Taxation and price policies  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q20) - Media promotion of healthy nutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: Prevention and management of acute malnutrition (q37) - Food distribution/supplementation for prevention of acute malnutrition  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Nutrition education included in school curriculum  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - School feeding programmes  
GNPR 2016-2017: School health and nutrition (q11) - Standards or rules for foods and beverages available in schools