Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLiS)


Cuba

NLiS Country Profile: Cuba

Child Malnutrition

Child (<5 y) Anthropometry
Indicator Year Value
Low birth weight (<2500 g) (%) 2015 5.3
Overweight (BMI-for-age >+1 SD) in school-age children and adolescents 5-19 years (%) 2016 30.0

Malnutrition in Women

Female malnutrition based on BMI

Vitamin and Mineral Deficiencies

Indicator Year Value
Anaemia children <5 y (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 29.3
Anaemia in non-pregnant women (Hb <120 g/L) (%) 2016 25.0
Anaemia in pregnant women (Hb <110 g/L) (%) 2016 28.5
Anaemia in women of reproductive age (%) 2016 25.1
Clinical vitamin A deficiency in women (history of night blindness during most recent pregnancy) (%)   no data
Median urinary iodine concentration in children 6-12 years (μg/L) 1995 95.0
Subclinical vitamin A deficiency in preschool-age children (serum/plasma retinol <0.70 μmol/L) (%) 1999-2000 3.6

Health Services

Indicator Year Value
Births attended by skilled health personnel (%) 2014 99.4
Population using improved drinking-water sources (%) 2015 94.9
Population using improved sanitation facility (%) 2015 93.2
Children aged 1 year immunized against measles (%) 2016 99.0
Any antenatal iron supplementation (%)   no data
Children <5 years with diarrhoea receiving ORT (%) 2010-2011 51.1
Children with diarrhoea receiving zinc (%) 2014 17.3
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 1) (%)   no data
Children aged 6-59 months receiving vitamin A supplements (dose 2) (%)   no data
Births in baby-friendly facilities (%) 2016 100.0
Mothers of children 0-23 months receiving counselling, support or messages on optimal breastfeeding at least once in the last year (%)   no data

Food Security

Indicator Year Value
Households consuming adequately iodized salt (15 parts per million or more) (%)   no data
Population below the international poverty line (%)   no data

Caring Practices

Indicator Year Value
Early initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth (%) 2014 47.9
Introduction to solid, semi-solid or soft foods in infants 6-8 months (%) 2014 91.1
Minimum acceptable diet (MAD) in children 6-23 months (%) 2014 56.0
Children with diarrhoea <5 y receiving oral rehydration therapy (ORT) and continued feeding (%) 2011 43.3
No breastfeeding data available for this country

Commitment

Indicator Year Value
General government expenditure on health as % of total government expenditure 2014 18.0
Total expenditure on health as % of gross domestic product 2014 11.1
Per capita total expenditure on health (US$) 2014 2474.6
Nutrition component of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF)   no data
Nutrition component of Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP)   no data
Nutrition Governance score   no data
International Code on Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes: Legal status of the Code 2018 Few provisions in law
Maternity leave 2013 18 weeks

Capacity

Indicator Year Value
Degree training in nutrition exists 2016-2017 Yes
Nutrition is part of medical curricula 2016-2017 Yes
Nutrition professionals density (per 100,000 population) 2016-2017 69.8
Nursing and midwifery personnel density per 1,000 population 2014 8.0
GDP per capita (PPP US$)   no data
GDP per capita annual growth rate (%)   no data
Official development assistance (ODA) received (net disbursements) (% of GNI) 2015 0.6
Low-Income Food-Deficit Country (LIFDC) 2018 No

Meta-indicators

Indicator Year Value
Averaged aggregate governance indicators 2018 -0.5
Gender Inequality Index (GII) 2017 0.301
Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment (ratio of girls to boys) 2018 1
Human development index (HDI) value 2017 0.8
Seats held by women in national parliament (%) 2019 53.2

Female Education Levels

Female education levels: no data available for this country

Education

Education

Under 5 Mortality

Policies & Actions in the Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA)

Policy title Start Year
Marco de Asistencia de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (MANUD) 2013
Decree 234 on Female Worker's Maternity (Decreto Ley 234 de la Maternidad de las Trabajadoras), of 13 of August 2003, as amended up to Law-Decree No. 285 of 5 September of 2011 2011
Marco de Asistencia de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo 2008
Proyecciones de la Salud Publica en Cuba para el 2015 2006
Plan Nacional De Accion Para La Nutricion De Cuba 1994
Norma general para el etiquetado de los alimentos preenvasados. NC 108:1988  
Progamme title and actions Start Year
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q20) Alimentación y estilos de vida saludable - Media promotion of healthy nutrition 2004
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q6) - Growth monitoring and promotion 1994
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q10) - Complementary feeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q7) - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q8) - Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI)  
GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition (q9a) - Feeding of LBW infants  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q12a) Guías alimentarias para la población cubana mayor de dos años; Guías alimentarias para niños y niñas cubanos hasta dos años de edad. - Food-based dietary guidelines  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q13) - Nutrient declaration  
GNPR 2016-2017: Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs (q21) - Nutrition education and counselling