In many countries there are no high temperature, two-chamber incinerators designed to handle more than 1% halogenated compounds. Such incinerators meet strict emission control standards, such as those published by the European Union¹². However, it is likely that only medium temperature furnaces and incinerators will be available. In emergency situations the responsible authorities may consider it acceptable to treat expired solid form pharmaceuticals using a two-chamber incinerator that operates at the minimum temperature of 850°C, with a combustion retention time of at least two seconds in the second chamber. Many older municipal solid waste incinerators are medium temperature incinerators and the use of these facilities is encouraged as an interim measure, rather than less safe options, such as inadequate discharge to a landfill. In this case, it is recommended that the pharmaceutical waste is diluted with large quantities of municipal waste (approximately 1:1000). Such incinerators are not designed to incinerate halogenated compounds safely. The very low halogen content in most pharmaceuticals is likely to result in negligible halogen content in the combustion gases.