1 WHO: World Health Organization steps up action against substandard and counterfeit medicines; Asian and African Countries Move to improve the quality of their medicines. Press release 11/11/03. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/releases/2003/pr85/en/
2 Petralanda I: Quality of antimalarial drugs and resistance to Plasmodium vivax in Amazonian region. Lancet 345(8962):p1433, 1995
3 Taylor RB, Shakoor O, Behrens RH: Drug quality, a contributor to drug resistance? Lancet 346(8967):p122, 1995
4 Shakoor O, Taylor RB, Behrens RH: Assessment of the incidence of substandard drugs in developing countries. Tropical Medicine & International Health (9):839-845, 1997
5 Buniva G, Pagani V, Carozzi A: Bioavailability of rifampicin capsules. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutic Toxicology 21(8):404-409, 1983
6 Fox W: Drug combinations in the bioavailability of rifampicin. Tubercle 71: 241-245
7 Eadie MJ, Hooper W: Intermittent carbamazepine intoxication possibly related to altered absorption characteristics of the drug. Medical Journal of Australia 146(6): 313-6, 1987
8 Ashford M: Bioavailability - physicochemical and dosage form factors. In Pharmaceutics, the science of dosage form design, 2nd edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2002
9 Tyrer JH, Eadie MJ, Sutherland JM, Hooper WD: Outbreak of anticonvulsant intoxication in an Australian city. British Medical Journal 4(730):271-3, 1970
10 O'Brien KL, Selanikio JD, Hecdivert C, Placide MF, Louis M, Barr DB, Barr JR, Hospedales CJ, Lewis MJ, Schwartz B, Philen RM, St Victor S, Espindola J, Needham LL, Denerville K: Epidemic of pediatric deaths from acute renal failure caused by diethylene glycol poisoning. Acute Renal Failure Investigation Team. Journal of the American Medical Association 279(15):1175-80, 1998
11 Fisman DN, Kaye KM: Once-daily dosing of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Infectious Diseases Clinics of North America 14(2):475-487, 2000
12 Mull MM: The tetracyclines: a critical appraisal. Am J Dis Child 11:483-493, 1966
13 Herxheimer A: Principles of Clinical Pharmacology, in Oxford Textbook of Medicine 4th edition, Oxford University Press, 2003
14 Bungaard H: Pharmaceutical aspects of penicillin allergy: polymerization of penicillins and reactions with carbohydrates. J Clin Hosp Pharm 5:73 1980
15 Van Crevel R, Alisjahbana B, De Lange WCM, Borst F, Danusantoso H, Van der Meer JWM, Burger D, Nelwan RHH: Low plasma concentrations of rifampicin in tuberculosis patients in Indonesia. International Journal of Tuberculosis & Lung Disease 6(6):497-502, 2002
16 Ezzet F, Mull R, Karbwang J: Population pharmacokinetics and therapeutic response of CGP 56697 (artemether + benflumetol) in malaria patients. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 46(6): 553-561, 1998
17 Garg SK, Chakrabarti A, Panigrahi D, Sharma M, Talwar P, Kumar N, Sharma PL: Comparative bioavailability & in vitro antimicrobial activity of 2 different brands of rifampicin. European Journal of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics 16(3):223-229, 1991
18 Pillai G, Fourie PB, Padayatchi N, Onyebujoh PC, McIlleron H, Smith PJ, Gabriels G: Recent bioequivalence studies on fixed-dose combination anti-tuberculosis drug formulations available on the global market. International Journal of Tuberculosis & Lung Disease 3(11):S309-316,1999
19 Doshi BS, Bhate AD, Chauhan BL, Parkar TA, Kulkarni RD: Pharmacokinetic interaction of oral rifampicin & isoniazid in normal subjects. Indian Drugs 23(12):672-676, 1986
20 Ellard GA, Ellard DR, Allen BW, Girling DJ, Nunn AJ, Seng-Kee T, Tiong-Har T, Hin-Kwong N, Siu-Lun C: The bioavailability of isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide in two commercially available combined formulations designed for use in the short-course treatment of tuberculosis. American Review of Respiratory Disease 133: 1076-1080, 1986
21 Panchagnula R, Kaur K, Singh I, Kaul CL: The WHO simplified study protocol in practice: investigation of combined formulations supplied by the WHO. International Journal of Tuberculosis & Lung Disease 3(11):S336-342, 1999
22 Gurumurthy P, Ramachandran G, Vijayalakshmi S, Hemanth Kumar AK, Venkatesan P, Chandrasekaran V, Vjayasekaran V, Kumaraswami V, Prabhaker R: Bioavailability of rifampicin, isoniazid & pyrazinamide in a triple drug formulation: comparison of plasma & urine kinetics. International Journal of Tuberculosis & Lung Disease 3(2):119-125, 1999
23 FDA: Waiver of in vivo bioavailability & bioequivalence studies for immediate-release solid oral dosage forms based on a biopharmaceutics classification system, in, 2000
24 McLachlan A: Personal communication
25 Dressman J, Reppas C: In vitro-in vivo correlations for lipophilic, poorly water-soluble drugs. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 11:S73-S80, 2000
26 Kostewicz E, Brauns U, Becker R, Dressman JB: Forecasting the oral absorption behavior of poorly soluble weak bases using solubility & dissolution studies in biorelevant media. Pharmaceutical Research 19:345-349, 2002
27 WHO: Marketing authorization of pharmaceutical products with special reference to multisource (generic) products: A manual for a drug regulatory authority, 1999
28 Law D (Abbott Laboratories): Physicochemical considerations in the preparation of amorphous ritonavir-poly (ethylene glycol) 8000 solid dispersions. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 90:1015-1025, 2001
29 Bauer J, Spanton S, Henry R, Quick J, Dziki W, Porter W, Morris J: Ritonavir: An extraordinary example of conformational polymorphism. Pharmaceutical Research 18:859-866, 2001
30 WHO: Good Manufacturing Practices for pharmaceutical products: Main principles. Annex 4 in WHO Technical Report Series No. 908, 2003
31 Pharmaceutical Inspection Cooperation Scheme: Guide to good manufacturing practice for medicinal products. September 2003 (http://www.picscheme.org/docs)
32 The Commission of the European Communities: Medicinal products for human and veterinary use; Good manufacturing practices. October 2003.
33 WHO: Guidelines for implementation of the WHO certification scheme on the quality of pharmaceutical products moving in international commerce. Annex 10 in WHO Expert committee on specification for pharmaceutical preparations, 34th report, Geneva 1998
34 Wirth DD, Baertschi SW, Johnson RA, Maple SR, Miller MS, Hallenbeck DK, Gregg SM: Maillard reaction of lactose and fluoxetine hydrochloride, a secondary amine. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 87:31-39, 1998
35 Food & Drug Administration: Guidance for Industry, Changes to an Approved Application for Specified Biotechnology and Specified Synthetic Biological Products. FDA July 1997
36 Therapeutic Goods Administration: Changes which may be made to Pharmaceutical Aspects of Drug Products without Prior Approval (Self-Assessable Changes). Appendix 8 in Australian Guidelines for the Registration Of Drugs: Volume 1, Prescription and other specified drug products. TGA 1994
37 European Commission: Chapter 5 Variations . In Volume 2, Pharmaceutical legislation: Notice to Applicants, Volume 2A - Procedures for marketing authorisation. Date unclear.
38 WHO (EDM): The International Pharmacopoeia, 2003
39 Wieniawski W: Review of analytical specifications used in quality evaluations of antiretroviral and antimalarial combination products. WHO unpublished, 2003
40 ICH: Impurities in new drug substances (revised), http://www.ich.org, 2002
41 ICH: Impurities in new drug products (revised), www.ich.org, 2003
42 Various authors: Analytical profiles of drug substances & excipients, Academic Press, Various dates of publication