1. Countries should implement programmes aimed at assuring the availability, accessibility, quality and rational use of essential medicines.

2. The Model List of Essential Medicines is a central element of national drug policies. WHO should continue to maintain the Model List and support countries in adapting it to their needs and national context. Selection of essential medicines should be based on safety, quality and efficacy in addition to accessibility.

3. Access to medicines is improved by competition brought about by generic products. Countries should take measures to foster the development of a competitive generic market.

4. Countries and WHO should further develop initiatives aimed at expanding the implementation of the concept of essential medicines to encompass both the public and private sectors.

5. Countries and WHO should intensify efforts aimed at improving access to vital medicines, particularly those used for HIV/AIDSrelated care and treatment.

6. Problems of vaccine availability are becoming more frequent. Countries and WHO should intensify their efforts to prevent supply shortages.

7. Countries and WHO should continue to study the impact of international trade agreements on access to medicines and initiatives aimed at promoting essential medicines and rational use.

8. Progress should be reported back to the ICDRA