Sources and Prices of Selected Medicines and Diagnostics for People Living with HIV/AIDS: Annex 6. Untangling the web of price reductions: a pricing guide for the purchase of ARVs for developing countries: Tables: Table 2: Company ARV offers and restrictions for developing countries, adult and paediatric formulations: Table 2a - Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)

Sources and Prices of Selected Medicines and Diagnostics for People Living with HIV/AIDS
(2003; 92 pages) [French] [Spanish]

Table of Contents

Glossary
1. Introduction
2. Pricing
3. Access to quality HIV/AIDS medicines and diagnostics
4. Sources & prices of medicines
5. Variation in price between surveys
Annex 1A. Registration status of products included in the sources and prices survey
Annex 1B. Index of manufacturers
Annex 1C. Geographical distribution of par ticipating manufacturers
Annex 2. WHO Bulk Procurement Scheme 2003
Annex 3A. Summary of main characteristics of methods forCD4/CD8 lymphocyte determination
Annex 3B. Summary of main characteristics of viral load technologies
Annex 4. Further reading, references, and contacts
Annex 5. Feedback and enquiry form
Annex 6. Untangling the web of price reductions: a pricing guide for the purchase of ARVs for developing countries
	General background and objectives
	Methodology
	Limitations of the current system
	The challenge of paediatric formulations
	Research and development for HIV/AIDS
	The Effects of Generic Competition
	Guide to reading and using tables
	Tables
		Table 1: Summary of selected pharmaceutical companies’ best ARV price offers for eligible developing countries
			Table 1a - Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)
			Table 1b - Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs)
			Table 1c - Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NtRTIs)
			Table 1d - Protease Inhibitors (PIs)
			Table 1e - Fixed Dose Combinations (FDCs)
			Table 1f - Paediatric Formulations
		Table 2: Company ARV offers and restrictions for developing countries, adult and paediatric formulations
			Table 2a - Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)
			Table 2b - Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)
			Table 2d - Protease Inhibitors (PIs)
			Table 2e - Fixed Dose Combinations
			Table 2f - Selected generic companies’ ARV offers and restrictions for developing countries
	Annexes
		Annex 1: Least Developed Countries (LDCs)
		Annex 2: Human Development Index (HDI)
		Annex 3: Sub-Saharan countries
		Annex 4: World Bank low-income countries
		Annex 5: Company contacts
		Glossary¹²
		References

Table 2a - Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)

Product	Company	Eligibility (countries)	Eligibility (body)	Price in US$	Additional comments	Delivery of goods[5]
abacavir 300 mg tablets (Ziagen®)	GlaxoSmithKline	Least Developed Countries (LDCs) plus sub-Saharan Africa. All projects fully financed by the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. (For middle income developing countries public sector prices negotiated on a case-by-case basis or bilaterally or through the AAI).	Governments, aid organisations, charities, international, UN agencies, other not-for-profit organisations and international purchase funds such as the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. In sub-Saharan Africa employers there who offer HIV/AIDS care and treatment directly to their staff through workplace clinics or similar arrangements are also eligible. All organisations must supply the preferentially priced products on a not for profit basis.	US$ 986/year 1.350/unit	Supply Agreement required (For NGOs requiring less than 10 patient packs per month, this requirement may be waived). The manufacturer recommends that ‘prescribers must ensure that patients are fully informed regarding hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir. Patients developing signs or symptoms must contact their doctor immediately for advice.’	CIP
abacavir 20 mg/ml oral solution 240 ml (Ziagen®)	GlaxoSmithKline	Least Developed Countries (LDCs) plus sub-Saharan Africa. All projects fully financed by the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. (For middle income developing countries public sector prices negotiated on a case-by-case basis or bilaterally or through the AAI).	Governments, aid organisations, charities, international, UN agencies, other not-for-profit organisations and international purchase funds such as the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. In sub-Saharan Africa employers there who offer HIV/AIDS care and treatment directly to their staff through workplace clinics or similar arrangements are also eligible. All organisations must supply the preferentially priced products on a not for profit basis.	US$ 34.80 per bottle	Supply Agreement required (For NGOs requiring less than 10 patient packs per month, this requirement may be waived). The manufacturer recommends that ‘prescribers must ensure that patients are fully informed regarding hypersensitivity reaction to abacavir. Patients developing signs or symptoms must contact their doctor immediately for advice.’	CIP
didanosine 100 mg (Videx®)	Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.	Sub-Saharan Africa. (For other developing countries, prices negotiated on a case by case basis through the AAI.)	Both private and public sector organisations that are able to provide effective, sustainable and medically sound care and treatment of HIV/AIDS are eligible.	US$ 310/year US$ 0.212/unit Lower tablet dosages prices in line with this offer		DDU to government purchasing entities.
lamivudine 150 mg tablet (Epivir®)	GlaxoSmithKline	LDCs plus sub-Saharan Africa. All projects fully financed by the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. (For middle income developing countries public sector prices negotiated on a case-by-case basis or bilaterally or through the AAI.)	Governments, aid organisations, charities, international, UN agencies, other not-for-profit organisations and international purchase funds such as the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. In sub-Saharan Africa employers there who offer HIV/AIDS care and treatment directly to their staff through workplace clinics or similar arrangements are also eligible. All organisations must supply the preferentially priced products on a not for profit basis.	US$ 128/year US$ 0.175/unit	Supply Agreement required (For NGOs requiring less than 10 patient packs per month, this requirement may be waived).	CIP
lamivudine 10 mg/ml oral solution 240 ml (Epivir®)	GlaxoSmithKline	LDCs plus sub-Saharan Africa. All projects fully financed by the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. (For middle income developing countries public sector prices negotiated on a case-by-case basis or bilaterally or through the AAI.)	Governments, aid organisations, charities, international, UN agencies, other not-for-profit organisations and international purchase funds such as the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. In sub-Saharan Africa employers there who offer HIV/AIDS care and treatment directly to their staff through workplace clinics or similar arrangements are also eligible. All organisations must supply the preferentially priced products on a not for profit basis.	US$ 7.45 per bottle	Supply Agreement required (For NGOs requiring less than 10 patient packs per month, this requirement may be waived).	CIP
stavudine 30 mg and 40 mg caps (Zerit®)	Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.	Sub-Saharan Africa. (For other developing countries, prices negotiated on a case by case basis through the AAI.)	Both private and public sector organisations that are able to provide effective, sustainable and medically sound care and treatment of HIV/AIDS are eligible.	30 mg: US$ 49/year (US$0.066/unit) 40 mg: US$ 55/year (US$0.075/unit)		DDU to government purchasing entities
zidovudine 300 mg tablets (Retrovir®)	GlaxoSmithKline	LDCs plus sub-Saharan Africa. All projects fully financed by the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. (For middle income developing countries public sector prices negotiated on a case-by-case basis or bilaterally or through the AAI.)	Governments, aid organisations, charities, international, UN agencies, other not-for-profit organisations and international purchase funds such as the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. In sub-Saharan Africa, employers there who offer HIV/AIDS care and treatment directly to their staff through workplace clinics or similar arrangements are also eligible. All organisations must supply the preferentially priced products on a not for profit basis.	US$ 274/year (US$ 0.375/unit)	Supply Agreement required. (For NGOs requiring less than 10 patients packs per month, this requirement may be waived.)	CIP
zidovudine 10 mg/ml oral solution 200 ml (Retrovir®)	GlaxoSmithKline	LDCs plus sub-Saharan Africa. All projects fully financed by the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. (For middle income developing countries public sector prices negotiated on a case-by-case basis or bilaterally or through the AAI.)	Governments, aid organisations, charities, international, UN agencies, other not-for-profit organisations and international purchase funds such as the Global Fund to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. In sub-Saharan Africa, employers there who offer HIV/AIDS care and treatment directly to their staff through workplace clinics or similar arrangements are also eligible. All organisations must supply the preferentially priced products on a not for profit basis.	US$7.90 per bottle	Supply Agreement required. (For NGOs requiring less than 10 patients packs per month, this requirement may be waived.)	CIP