Drug name |
DDD |
Preoperative medication |
|
atropine sulfate |
1.5 mg |
diazepam (inj, oral, rect) |
10 mg |
morphine sulfate |
0.1 g |
promethazine hcl |
25 mg |
Analgesics and NSAIDs |
|
acetylsalicylic acid |
3 g |
diclofenac sodium |
0.1 g |
ibuprofen |
1.2 g |
indomethacin |
0.1 g |
naproxen |
0.5 g |
paracetamol |
3 g |
pheylbutazone |
0.3 g |
Opioids |
|
codeine |
0.1 g |
morphine sulfate |
0.1 g |
pentazocine |
0.2 g |
pethidine |
0.4 g |
tramadol |
0.3 g |
Gout |
|
allopurinol |
0.4 g |
colchicine |
1 mg |
probenecid |
1 g |
Rheumatoid disease |
|
azathioprine |
0.15 g |
chloroquine |
0.5 g |
Antiallergics |
|
astemizole |
10 mg |
chlorpheniramine |
12 mg |
dexamethasone |
1.5 mg |
diphenhydramine |
0.3 g |
epinephrine |
0.5 mg |
hydrocortisone |
30 mg |
prednisolone |
10 mg |
Drug name |
DDD |
Anticonvulsants |
|
carbamazepine |
1 g |
diazepam |
10 mg |
ethosuximide |
1.25 g |
magnesium sulfate |
3 g |
phenobarbital |
0.1 g |
phenytoin |
0.3 g |
valproic acid |
1.5 g |
clonazepam |
8 mg |
Anthelmintics |
|
albendazole |
0.4 g |
levamisole |
0.15 g |
mebendazole |
0.2 g |
niclosamide |
2 g |
piperazine |
3.5 g |
praziquantel |
3 g |
pyrantel |
0.75 g |
thiabendazole |
3 g |
Antianginal drugs |
|
atenolol |
75 mg |
glyceryl trinitrate |
5 mg |
isosorbide dinitrate |
60 mg |
nifedipine |
30 mg |
Antiarrhythmics |
|
isoprenaline inj |
90 mg |
lidocaine |
3 g |
procainamide |
3 g |
propranolol |
0.16 g |
quinidine sulfate |
1.2 g |
verapamil |
0.24 g |
Antihypertensives |
|
atenolol |
75 mg |
captropril |
50 mg |
enalapril |
10 mg |
hydralazine |
0.1 g |
hydrochlorothiazide |
50 mg |
Drug name |
DDD |
methyldopa |
1 g |
nifedipine |
30 mg |
nitroprusside, sodium |
50 mg |
prazocin |
5 mg |
reserpine |
0.5 mg |
Heart failure drugs |
|
digoxin |
0.25 mg |
dopamine |
0.5 g |
epinephrine |
0.5 mg |
Diuretics |
|
amiloride |
10 mg |
bendrofluazide |
2.5 mg |
frusemide |
40 mg |
hydrochlorothiazide |
50 mg |
spironolactone |
75 mg |
Antithrombotics |
|
streptokinase |
1.5 MU |
Anticoagulants |
|
desmopressin (inj) |
4.0 mcg |
desmopressin (oral) |
0.4 mg |
desmopressin (nasal) |
25 mcg |
heparin |
10 TU |
vitamin K-phytomenadione |
20 mg |
warfarin sodium |
7.5 mg |
Anti-infectives |
|
albendazole |
0.4 g |
diethylcarbamazine |
0.4 g |
ivermectin |
12 mg |
Antischistosomals |
|
oxamniquine |
1 g |
praziquantel |
3 g |
Beta-lactams |
|
amoxycillin |
1 g |
ampicillin |
2 g |
ceftazidime |
6 g |
cetriaxone |
2 g |
cephazolin |
3 g |
cefotaxime |
4 g |
cefuroxime |
2 g |
cephalexin |
2 g |
cephazolin |
3 g |
cloxacillin sodium |
2 g |
methicillin |
4 g |
imipenem |
2 g |
pencillin G sodium |
3.6 g |
pencillin V |
2 g |
Other antibacterials |
|
chloramphenicol |
3 g |
ciprofloxacin |
1 g |
clindamycin |
1.2 g |
doxycycline |
0.1 g |
erythromycin |
1 g |
gentamicin sulfate |
0.24 g |
kanamycin sulfate |
1 g |
metronidazole (inj/oral) |
1.5 g |
metronidazole pessary |
0.5 g |
nalidixic acid |
4 g |
nitrofurantoin |
0.2 g |
norfloxacin |
0.8 g |
oxytetracycline |
1 g |
spectinomycin |
3 g |
sulfadiazine |
0.6 g |
sulfadimidine |
4 g |
tetracycline |
1 g |
trimethoprim |
0.4 g |
vancomycin |
2 g |
Antileprosy drugs |
|
clofazimine |
0.1 g |
dapsone |
0.05 g |
rifampicin |
0.6 g |
Antituberculosis drugs |
|
ethambutol |
1.2 g |
isoniazid |
0.3 g |
pyrazinamide |
1.5 g |
rifampicin |
0.6 g |
streptomycin sulfate |
1 g |
Antacids/peptic ulcer |
|
magnesium hydroxide |
3 g |
cimetidine |
0.8 g |
famotidine |
40 mg |
ranitidine |
0.3 g |
omeprazole |
20 mg |
Antiemetics |
|
metoclopramide |
30 mg |
promethazine |
25 mg |
Antispasmodics |
|
atropine sulfate |
1.5 mg |
propantheline bromide |
60 mg |
Laxatives |
|
bisacodyl (suppos./oral) |
10 mg |
liquid paraffin |
15 g |
Antidiarrhoeals |
|
codeine |
0.1 g |
loperamide |
10 mg |
sulfaguanidine |
4 g |
Hormones/contraceptive |
|
clomiphene |
9 mg |
ethinyl oestradiol |
25 mcg |
norethisterone |
5 mg |
medroxyprogesteron oral |
5 mg |
Insulins/antidiabetics |
|
chlorpropamide |
0.375 g |
glibenclamide |
10 mg |
insulins - all types |
40 IU |
metformin |
2 g |
tolbutamide |
1.5 g |
Thyroid/antithyroid |
|
carbimazole |
15 mg |
levothyroxine |
0.15 mg |
propylthiouracil |
0.1 g |
Miotics/antiglaucoma |
|
acetazolamide oral |
0.75 g |
pilocarpine drops-2% 4% |
0.4 mL |
timolol mal.- 0.25% 0.5% |
0.2 mL |
Antitussives |
|
dextromethorphan |
90 mg |
diphenhydramine |
0.3 g |
noscapine |
0.125 g |
Antifungals |
|
amphotericin B |
35 mg |
clotrimazole (pessary) |
0.1 g |
fluconazole |
0.2 g |
flucytosine |
10 g |
griseofulvin |
0.5 g |
ketoconazole |
0.2 g |
nystatin (oral) |
1.5 MU |
nystatin (pessary) |
0.1 MU |
Antiretrovirals |
|
aclyclovir |
4 g |
zidovudine |
0.6 g |
Antiprotozoals |
|
diloxanide furoate |
1.5 g |
metronidazole (oral/inj) |
1.5 g |
tinidazole |
1.5 g |
Antileishmaniasis |
|
meglumine antimonate |
0.85 g |
pentamidine |
0.28 g |
sodium stibogluconate |
0.85 g |
Antimalarials |
|
chloroquine phosphate |
0.5 g |
doxycycline |
0.1 g |
mefloquine |
1 g |
primaquine phosphate |
15 mg |
proguanil |
0.2 g |
pyrimethamine |
75 mg |
quinine dihydrochloride |
0.3 g |
quinine sulfate |
0.3 g |
sulfadoxine/pyrimeth. |
75 mg |
African trypanosomiasis |
|
metronidazole oral |
1.5 g |
melarsoprol |
60 mg |
suramin sodium |
0.27 g |
American trypanosomiasis |
|
benznidazole |
0.4 g |
nifurtimox |
0.7 g |
Immunosuppressives |
|
azathioprine |
0.15 g |
Antihormones |
|
tamoxifen |
20 mg |
Adrenal hormones |
|
dexamethasone (oral/inj) |
1.5 mg |
hydrocortisone (inj) |
30 mg |
prednisolone (oral/inj) |
10 mg |
Antiparkinsonism |
|
biperidin |
10 mg |
levodopa + carbidopa |
0.6 g |
Antianaemia |
|
ferrous salt (iron = 60 mg) |
0.2 g |
folic acid |
0.3 mg |
hydroxycobalamin |
0.02 mg |
Oxytoxics/antioxytoxic |
|
ergometrine maleate |
0.2 mg |
ergotamine tartrate |
4 mg |
oxtocin (inj) |
15 IU |
Psychotherapeutics |
|
amitriptyline |
75 mg |
chlorpromazine (inj) |
0.1 g |
chlorpromazine (oral) |
0.3 g |
clomipramine |
0.1 g |
diazepam (oral) |
10 mg |
fluphenazine (inj) |
1 mg |
haloperidol (inj) |
3.3 mg |
haloperidol (oral) |
8 mg |
imipramine |
0.1 g |
lithium carbonate (oral) |
24mmol |
lorazepam |
2.5 mg |
nitrazepam |
5 mg |
thioridazine |
0.3 g |
trifluoperazine oral |
20 mg |
Antiasthmatics |
|
aminophylline inj/oral |
0.6 g |
beclomethasone inhaler |
0.8 mg |
cromoglycic acid inhaler |
40 mg |
ephedrine |
50 mg |
epinephrine (inj) |
0.5 mg |
ipatropium inhaler |
0.12 mg |
salbutamol (inj/oral) |
12 mg |
salbutamol inhaler |
0.8 mg |
salbutamol respsol |
10 mg |
theophylline |
0.4 g |
Vitamins/minerals |
|
ascorbic acid (vit.C) |
0.2 g |
calcium gluconate |
3 g |
calcium lactate |
2 g |
nicotinamide/niacin (vitamin B3) |
0.15 g |
potassium chloride |
3 g |
pyridoxine (vitamin b6) |
0.16 g |
thiamine (vitamin B1) |
50 MG |
retinol (vitamin A) |
5000 IU |
Muscle relaxants |
|
neostigmine (inj) |
60 mg |
pyridostigmine (inj) |
10 mg |
The drugs listed here are a selection of medicines taken from WHO’s Model list of essential medicines (WHO 2002a) and MSH’s annual International drug price indicator guide, presented according to therapeutic category. The information presented here was correct at the time of going to press, but may have changed since. This list is not exhaustive, nor is it intended to be, in any way, a recommendation for inclusion in national or hospital formulary lists. The DDD for different drugs can be obtained from:
WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, Postboks 100 Veitvet, Oslo, Norway (http://www.whocc.no) Tel. +47 22 16 98 11; Fax: +47 22 16 98 18; email: whocc@nmd.no
Management Sciences for Health (MSH), International drug price indicator guide, annual publication by MSH in collaboration with WHO, 165 Allandale Road, Boston, MA 02130-3400, USA (http://www.msh.org/publications and http://erc.msh.org). Tel. +1 617 524 7799; Fax: +1 617 524 2825; email: bookstore@msh.org