Network for Monitoring the Impact of Globalization and TRIPS on Access to Medicines, Meeting Report, 19-21 February 2001, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand - Health Economics and Drugs Series No. 011: 3. 1 Globalization, TRIPS and Access to Pharmaceuticals: WHO Perspectives on Access to Drugs: Countries must develop informed approaches to health and trade

Network for Monitoring the Impact of Globalization and TRIPS on Access to Medicines, Meeting Report, 19-21 February 2001, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand - Health Economics and Drugs Series No. 011
(2002; 67 pages)

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
	Steering Committee
	Acknowledgements
2. Highlights of opening address of Dr Supachai Panitchpakdi
3. ¹Globalization, TRIPS and Access to Pharmaceuticals
	A new era in global trade
	WTO Agreements
	Implementation and dispute settlement
	Key requirements of the TRIPS Agreement
		Patent protection
		Rights conferred
		Transitional arrangements
		Public health and TRIPS
		Patentability
		Generic drugs
		Compulsory licensing
		Parallel imports
		TRIPS-plus provisions
		Non-WTO Members
		Evaluating impacts of trade agreements
	WHO Perspectives on Access to Drugs
		Access to health is a human right
		Patents are an effective stimulator of research and development
		Affordability of essential drugs is a public health priority
		Countries must develop informed approaches to health and trade
4. Further Reading
5. Template of selected model indicators for studying the impact of globalization and TRIPS on access to medicines
6. Selected indicators for studying the impact of globalization and TRIPS on access to medicines
	Respondent data
	Contents
		I. Definitions used in the template**
		II. Trends in total pharmaceutical consumption
		III. Health care coverage
		IV. Structure of public and private pharmaceutical prices
		V. Regulations relating to intellectual property rights protection and marketing authorization
		VI. Prices of pharmaceutical products
		VII. Market share of domestic and foreign firms
		VIII. Regulation of pharmaceutical consumption - A stakeholder analysis
7. The Collaborating Centres

Countries must develop informed approaches to health and trade

Countries with the least capacity for interpreting and acting on international trade agreements have most at risk in terms of access to medicines. WHO will continue to provide independent data and technical assistance to countries to help them develop informed approaches to trade and health at national, subregional and regional levels. Countries are advised to carefully monitor the implementation of the TRIPS Agreement in order to formulate comprehensive proposals for the future review of the TRIPS Agreement as provided for in Article 71.1. A network of legal experts who have specialized knowledge and understanding of international trade agreements, pharmaceuticals and public health is also being developed as a resource for developing countries.